EmergencyGrid:Planning in Convergence Environments

Government agencies are often responsible for event handling, planning, coordination, and status reporting during emergency response in natural disaster events such as floods, tsunamis and earthquakes. Across such a range of emergency response scenarios, there is a common set of requirements that distributed intelligent computer systems generally address. To support the implementation of these requirements, some researchers are proposing the creation of grids, where final interface and processing nodes perform joint work supported by a network infrastructure. The aim of this project is to extend the concepts of emergency response grids, using a convergence scenario between web and other computational platforms. Our initial work focuses on the Interactive Digital TV platform, where we intend to transform individual TV devices into active final nodes, using a hierarchical planning structure. We describe the architecture of this approach and an initial prototype specification that is being developed to validate some concepts and illustrate the advantages of this convergence planning environment

Multimedia Content Recommendation in Digital Convergence Environments: An Approach Based on Data Mining and Semantic Web

The emerging scenario of interactive Digital TV (iDTV) is promoting the increase of interactivity in the communication process and also in audiovisual production, thus raising the number of channels and resources available to the user. This reality makes the task of finding the desired content becoming a costly and possibly ineffective action. The incorporation of recommender systems in the iDTV environment is emerging as a possible solution to this problems. This work aims to propose a hybrid approach to content recommendation in iDTV, based on data mining techniques, integrated to the semantic web concepts, allowing structuring and standardization of data and consequently making possible sharing of information, providing semantics and automated reasoning. For the proposed service it is considered the Brazilian Digital TV System (SBTVD) and the middleware Ginga. A prototype has been developed and experiments carried out with a NetFlix database. As results, it was obtained an average accuracy of 30% using only the data mining technique. On the other hand, the evaluation including semantic rules obtained an average accuracy of 35%

Semantic Based Support for Visualisation in Complex Collaborative Planning Environments

Centre for Intelligent Systems and their ApplicationsVisualisation in intelligent planning systems [Ghallab et al., 2004] is a subject that has not been given much attention by researchers. Among the existing planning systems, some well known planners do not propose a solution for visualisation at all, while others only consider a single approach when this solution sometimes is not appropriate for every situation. Thus, users cannot make the most of planning systems because they do not have appropriate support for interaction with them. This problem is more enhanced when considering mixed-initiative planning systems, where agents that are collaborating in the process have different backgrounds, are playing different roles in the process, have different capabilities and responsibilities, or are using different devices to interact and collaborate in the process. To address this problem, we propose a general framework for visualisation in planning systems that will give support for a more appropriate visualisation mechanism. This framework is divided into two main parts: a knowledge representation aspect and a reasoning mechanism for multi-modality visualisation. The knowledge representation uses the concept of ontology to organise and model complex domain problems. The reasoning mechanism gives support to reasoning about the visualisation problem based on the knowledge bases available for a realistic collaborative planning environment, including agent preferences, device features, planning information, visualisation modalities, etc. The main result of the reasoning mechanism is an appropriate visualisation modality for each specific situation, which provides a better interaction among agents (software and human) in a collaborative planning environment. The main contributions of this approach are: (1) it is a general and extensible framework for the problem of visualisation in planning systems, which enables the modelling of the domain from an information visualisation perspective; (2) it allows a tailored approach for visualisation of information in an AI collaborative planning environment; (3) its models can be used separately in other problems and domains; (4) it is based on real standards that enable easy communication and interoperability with other systems and services; and (5) it has a broad potential for its application on the Semantic Web

Semantic Based Support for Planning Information Delivery in Human-agent Collaborative Teams

Collaborative teams are organizations where joint members work together to solve mutual goals. Mixed-initiative planning systems are useful tools in such situations, because they can support several common activities performed in these organizations. However, as collaborative members are involved in different decision making planning levels, they consequently require different information types and forms of receiving planning information. Unfortunately, collaborative planning delivery is a subject that has not been given much attention by researchers, so that users cannot make the most of such systems since they do not have appropriate support for interaction with them. This work presents a general framework for planning information delivery, which is divided into two main parts: a knowledge representation aspect based on an ontological set and a reasoning mechanism for multimodality visualization. This framework is built on a mixed-initiative planning basis, which considers the additional requirements that the human presence brings to the development of collaborative support systems

Planning and representation of joint human-agent space missions via constraint-based models

During space missions, the interaction between a spacecraft's planner and ground teams is very limited due to restrictions in communication. Commonly the role of such teams is reduced to receive the current state of a spacecraft and to send sequences of activities to it. However this concept of planning tends to change with the future advent of human interplanetary missions, so that astronauts become able to participate more actively in planning processes. This paper presents a planning approach, anchored in a constraint-based ontology, that considers the requirements of current space mission scenarios, but also provides the framework for future human missions. Furthermore we illustrate our ideas using a potential application in a Martian environment

The contribution of connectivism in learning by competencies to improve meaningful learning

Currently, technology influences the evolution of cultural, social, and educational changes is no exception, there is an evolution in the ways of learning and teaching, which has become a challenge, especially in social spheres where technology was unlikely to be used as an educational means since there was no access to it. That is why this article seeks to expose the role that connectivism has as a learning theory of the digital age and highlight its contribution in the formation of competences to achieve meaningful learning, based on the results obtained through a desk study. o Desk Research which allowed a critical and reflective review of previous research on the subject. Finding that technology plays a fundamental role in the integration of connectivism where students will discover knowledge using strategies and skills to act or apply solutions to simulated or real cases, discovering, transforming, creating, or applying competences

Caracterização das infecções relacionadas a assistência à saúde em unidade de terapia intensiva adulto

Background and Objectives: Infections related to health care have gradually increased in recent years and occurs more often in intensive care units than in other hospital admissions. The characteristics of the population and infections must be assessed to develop and apply preventive measures. Therefore, we aimed to characterize infections related to health care in patients in an adult intensive care unit in 2019. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive and retrospective study, performed in the adult intensive care unit of a reference, regional and tertiary hospital in the countryside of the state of São Paulo. We included data from patients over 18 years old who were in the adult intensive care unit of that hospital and diagnosed with infections officially related to health care in 2019. The data were analyzed by the descriptive statistics, Student’s t-test for quantitative variables and Pearson’s chi-square test for the categorical ones. The study was approved and excused of the written informed consent form (WICF) by the Human Research Ethics Committee. Results: The participants’ mean age was 55.6 years old (19.7 standard deviation), affecting mostly men (64%) and with comorbidities (72%), and the systemic arterial hypertension was the most prevalent one (43%). Regarding procedures and devices, most were on mechanical ventilation (87%), sedated (77%), using an indwelling urinary catheter (96%) and with a central venous catheter (94%). The isolated microorganism with the highest incidence was Klebsiella Pneumoniae (9%). Vancomycin was the most used antibiotic against microorganisms (66%). As an outcome, 47% of patients were discharged and 53% died. Conclusion: Klebsiella Pneumoniae was the most prevalent microorganism as well as the respiratory tract infections. The age was the only variable related to the outcome.Justificación y objetivos: las tasas de infecciones relacionadas con la asistencia sanitaria se han incrementado paulatinamente en los últimos años y su incidencia en unidades de cuidados intensivos es mayor que en otros ingresos hospitalarios. Para desarrollar y aplicar medidas preventivas, primero es necesario conocer las características de la población atendida y las infecciones, por lo que el objetivo fue caracterizar las infecciones relacionadas con la atención de salud en pacientes hospitalizados en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Adultos en el año 2019. Métodos: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, retrospectivo realizado en el sector de cuidados intensivos de adultos de un hospital regional de referencia terciario en el interior del estado de São Paulo. Se incluyeron datos de pacientes mayores de 18 años que fueron hospitalizados en las unidades de cuidados intensivos para adultos de ese hospital y que tenían un diagnóstico confirmado de infecciones relacionadas con la asistencia sanitaria en 2019. Resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 55,6 años (desviación estándar 19,7) con mayor afectación en varones (64%) y con comorbilidades (72%), siendo la hipertensión arterial sistémica la más prevalente. En cuanto a los procedimientos y dispositivos, la mayoría fueron con ventilación mecánica (87%), sedados (77%), con catéter urinario permanente (96%) y con catéter venoso central (94%). El microorganismo aislado con mayor incidencia fue Klebsiella Pneumoniae (9%). El antibiótico más utilizado para combatir los microorganismos fue la vancomicina (66%). Como resultado, el 47% de los pacientes fueron dados de alta y el 53% falleció. Conclusión: La estadía promedio fue de 16.8 días, la tasa de mortalidad fue del 53% y el microorganismo más común encontrado fue Klebsiella Pneumoniae (KPC) (9%). Las infecciones del tracto respiratorio fueron las más prevalentes y la edad fue la única variable relacionada con el resultado.Justificativa e Objetivos: as infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde aumentaram gradativamente nos últimos anos e sua ocorrência em unidades de terapia intensiva é maior que em outras internações hospitalares. Para desenvolver e aplicar medidas preventivas é necessário primeiramente conhecer as características da população atendida e das infecções; assim o objetivo foi caracterizar as infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde nos pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto em 2019. Métodos: estudo quantitativo, descritivo, retrospectivo realizado em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto de um hospital de referência, regional e terciário no interior do estado de São Paulo. Foram incluídos dados de pacientes maiores de 18 anos que estiveram internados nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Adulto do referido hospital, com diagnóstico confirmado de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde em 2019. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, teste t de student para as variáveis quantitativas e Qui-quadrado de Pearson para as categóricas. O trabalho foi aprovado com dispensa do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (Tcle) pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos. Resultados: a média de idade dos participantes foi de 55,6 anos (desvio padrão 19,7) com acometimento maior no sexo masculino (64%) e com comorbidades (72%), sendo hipertensão arterial sistêmica a mais prevalente (43%). Quanto aos procedimentos e dispositivos, a maioria estava em ventilação mecânica (87%), sedado (77%), em uso de sonda vesical de demora (96%) e com cateter venoso central (94%). O microrganismo isolado com maior incidência foi Klebsiella Pneumoniae (9%). O antibiótico mais utilizado para combater os microrganismos foi Vancomicina (66%). Como desfecho, 47% dos pacientes tiveram alta e 53% evoluíram para o óbito. Conclusão: Dentre as infecções analisadas, o microrganismo mais prevalente foi a Klebsiella Pneumoniae e as infecções do trato respiratório foram as mais prevalentes; a idade foi a única variável relacionada ao desfecho

INFLUÊNCIA DA IRRADIÂNCIA DOS FOTOPOLIMERIZADORES NAS PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DA RESINA COMPOSTA MICROHÍBRIDA

A irradiância (IR) é definida como a quantidade de fotóns emitidos por uma fonte de luz, sendo imprescindível para que os fotoiniciadores presentes nas resinas compostas sejam ativados e assim ocorra a formação de radicais livres que iniciarão a conversão dos monômeros em polímeros. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo objetiva avaliar a influência da IR dos fotopolimerizadores nas propriedades mecânicas da resina composta microhíbrida. Para tanto, as variáveis independentes do estudo são: fotopolimerizador de 2ª geração (FP2) e fotopolimerizador de 3ª geração (FP3). Inicialmente aferiu-se a IR dos dois aparelhos de polimerização e, após isso, realizou-se a confecção de corpos de provas com resina composta microhíbrida (Z250 XT-3M), com 7x2x1mm de dimensão, e esses foram submetidos à fotopolimerização pelos respectivos grupos (n=12), por 40 segundos, realizando-se um teste de flexão de 3 pontos (50N), por meio de uma máquina de ensaios mecânicos universais (Instron), para obtenção do módulo de elasticidade (ME). Foi realizada uma análise estatística pelo test-t (

Um Estudo Sobre o Desenvolvimento de uma Taxonomia para a Classificação de Trabalhos de um Mapeamento Sistemático sobre o uso de Ontologias em Informática Médica

Tendo em vista a importância que a Informática Médica tem adquirido juntamente com a utilização de técnicas de Inteligência Artificial em suas aplicações, principalmente no que diz respeito à Engenharia do Conhecimento e Ontologias, faz-se necessário mapear a evolução desta área de maneira completa, imparcial e sistemática. Para tanto foi construído um Mapeamento Sistemático sobre o uso de Ontologias em Informática Médica. Como não há uma taxonomia geral que defina as subáreas da Informática Médica, este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a construção de uma taxonomia que caracterize todas as subáreas da Informática Médica que permita classificar os estudos selecionados para o Mapeamento Sistemático